Naphthalene Poisoning in Children: a Report of Two Cases

Abstract

Summary: Poisoning by naphthalene which is contained in Camphor', a commonly used household insecticide in Nigeria, may occur by ingestion, by skin or eye contact, by inhalation, or by transplacental transfer. Toxic effects vary from individual to individual. The chemical is particularly dangerous in children since its absorption occurs rapidly, causing haemolysis. We report two cases of naphthalene poisoning in toddlers seen within a period of two months. The patients who accidentally ingested unquantified amounts of naphthalene ball (Camphor) developed haemolyicanaemia and haematuria necessitating repeated blood transfusions in one case. In addition, oliguria and impaired renal function occurred in one case. The first case improved after treatment, his renal function normalised and he was discharged home ten days after hospitalization. The second case was also stable and was discharged against medical advice on the third day by the mother. Physicians need to be reminded that this commonly used agent can be dangerous; its use should therefore be discouraged."

Keywords: Naphthalene poisoning, haemolytic anaemia, haematuria, acute renal failure.